Chemistry and Biology of Beta-Lactams
Pdf Book Name: Chemistry and Biology of Beta-Lactams
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Chemistry and Biology of Beta-Lactams
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Beta-lactam antibiotics are a class of antibiotics that are widely used to treat bacterial infections. They derive their name from the beta-lactam ring, a unique chemical structure that is essential to their mechanism of action. The beta-lactam ring is a four-membered cyclic amide. This ring structure is highly strained, making it susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This property is crucial to the antibiotic activity of beta-lactams.
Beta-lactam antibiotics interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Bacterial cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan, a complex polymer that provides structural support to the cell. The final step in peptidoglycan synthesis involves a transpeptidation reaction, catalyzed by enzymes called penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
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